Format Laporan Bulanan BK: Potensi Lokasi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir di Kalimantan Barat

Nuclear power plant sites require a proper formulation of structures, systems, and components to ensure their operations remain safe during normal or abnormal conditions caused by various internal and external threats. In Indonesia, the development of electricity based on non-fossil energy is directed towards providing a long-term goal of national energy diversification and emission control, especially through the use of nuclear and renewable energy.

The citizens of West Kalimantan have received socialization on the construction of nuclear power plants and are very receptive to this idea. However, they are unaware of the advantages of these plants over other sources of electrical energy and consider them unsafe, explosive, hazardous waste, with health-threatening radiation. The development of nuclear power plants in Indonesia is still hindered by public acceptance and location suitability.

In accordance with Law Number 17 of 2007 concerning Long-Term Development Plans from 2005 to 2025, the central government supports the development of nuclear power plants through Presidential Regulation Number 5 of 2006. This regulation stipulates that these energy sources can supply 5% of the nation's electricity needs.

Meanwhile, the use of clean energy is necessary to achieve sustainable development goals. Indonesia has electrical power supplies derived from coal (50%), natural gas (29%), renewable energy (14%), and petroleum (7%) plants. These sites will not significantly impact the environment, socio-economic, and policies, and will also support electricity for the new capital region of Indonesia.

In West Kalimantan, the availability of electricity is a fundamental challenge related to regional development plans since 2010. A Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) has been an option for renewable energy needs in the regional development plan since then. After overlapping with national/ regional planning and existing state, we discovered twelve sites, but only two suitable priority sites for NPPs were found in Ketapang.

The proposed NPPs are designed to operate with water reactor coolants, prioritizing areas about five kilometers from the shoreline. This study showed that West Kalimantan has a very high suitability area covering 16,321.66 km2 (25.81%) for NPPs.

By combining GIS and analytical hierarchical processes (AHP), we produced suitable NPP sites using spatial-weighted multicriteria analysis. Nuclear Power Plants require an appropriate location in terms of biogeophysical, socio-economic, and disaster considerations. Nuclear energy is a choice to meet the electricity needs of West Kalimantan, Indonesia, to support new industrial areas.

In conclusion, the potential site for nuclear power plants in West Kalimantan has been identified through this study. The two priority sites found in Ketapang have great potential for NPP development, considering factors such as biogeophysical, socio-economic, and disaster considerations.

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